import turtle, random, math
# Global Variables
canvas_width = 1000
canvas_height = 1000
screen = turtle.Screen()
myPen = turtle.Turtle()
# Setup the Pen and Screen
screen.tracer(False)
screen.setup(canvas_width, canvas_height, startx = None, starty = None)
myPen.tracer(False)
myPen.hideturtle()
myPen.penup()
myPen.speed(0)
# draw the landscape
def drawLandscape():
'''
ADD/CHANGE CODE BELOW
Use the helper functions defined below
OR create your own
in order to draw a landscape scene.
'''
# Example Landscape
drawSky()
drawGrass()
drawCloud(-180,370,50)
drawCloud(300,370,50)
drawCloud(-390, 370, 50)
drawSun(0,410, 180)
drawBird(-40,310,"black", 20)
drawBird(-260, 350, "black", 20)
drawBird(200,360, "black", 20)
drawTrees(-320, 260, 10, 100)
drawHouses(-520,0, 20, 50)
drawRock(-420,-250, "gray", 15)
drawRock(420, -280, "gray", 15)
drawTrees(-400, -250, 10, 100)
############################################################
#
#
# Helper functions to draw shapes such as circles,
# rectangles, and triangles.
# Other functions include drawing trees, houses,
# sun, cloud, sky, grass, rock, and bird.
#
# List of functions available:
#
# drawTree(x, y, size)
# drawTrees(x, y, numTrees, size)
# drawHouse(x, y, color, size)
# drawHouses(x, y, numHouses, size)
# drawSun(x, y, radius)
# drawCloud(x, y, size)
# drawRock(x, y, color, size)
# drawBird(x, y, color, size)
# drawSky()
# drawGrass()
# drawCircle(x, y, color, radius)
# drawSquare(x, y, color, size)
# drawTriangle(x, y, fill, color, size)
# drawRectangle(x, y, length, width, color)
# getRandomColor()
#
############################################################
############################################################
#
# drawTree(x, y, size)
#
# This function draws a single tree at the location (x,y)
#
# @param x: x position of tree
# @param y: y position of tree
# @param size: the size of the tree
#
############################################################
def drawTree(x, y, size):
"""
Draw a single tree at the location (x,y).
"""
# first draw 3 green layers of tringular tree branches
drawTriangle(x, y, True, "green", size)
drawTriangle(x, y-((60.0/200.0) * size), True, "green", size)
drawTriangle(x, y-((120.0/200.0) * size), True, "green", size)
# next draw the bottom rectangular brown trunk
rectangle_length = (80.0/200.0) * size
rectangle_width = (30.0/200.0) * size
triangle_height = (math.sin(math.radians(60))*size)
drawRectangle(x,y-(triangle_height) - (rectangle_length)/2.0, rectangle_length, rectangle_width, "brown")
############################################################
#
# drawTrees(x, y, numTrees, size)
#
# This function draws a group of trees starting at the
# location (x,y). The number of trees drawn depends on the
# parameter numTrees. A scaling factor is used to make the
# trees at the back look smaller than the trees in the front.
#
# @param x: starting x position for drawing the trees
# @param y: starting y position for drawing the trees
# @param numTrees: number of trees to draw
# @param size: the size of the tree
#
############################################################
def drawTrees(x, y, numTrees, size):
"""
Draw a group of trees starting at (x, y).
The number of trees drawn is specified by numTrees.
A scaling factor is used to determine how small/big
the tree becomes as the y-value is increases/decreases.
"""
scaling_factor = 0.1 # scaling factor
# loop to draw the trees
for n in range(numTrees):
random_num = random.randint(-2,2)
size_value = size
# scale size (small/big) depending on y value
if (y < 0):="" size_value="size" +="" math.fabs(scaling_factor="" *="" y)="" elif="" (size-(scaling_factor)*y=""><= 0):="" size_value="10" #="" min="" size="" elif="" (y=""> 0):
size_value = math.fabs(size - (scaling_factor)*y)
# draw tree
drawTree(x+n*((160.0/200.0)*size), y+(random_num * ((20.0/200.0)*size)), size_value)
############################################################
#
# drawHouse(x, y, color, size)
#
# This function draws a house at the location (x,y).
# The color of house is specified by the parameter color.
#
# @param x: x position for drawing the house
# @param y: y position for drawing the house
# @param color: color of the house
# @param size: the size of the house
#
############################################################
def drawHouse(x, y, color, size):
"""
Draw a house at the point (x,y) in the specified color.
"""
# Draw a square for bottom of house
myPen.fillcolor(color)
drawSquare(x, y, color, size)
# Draw a triangle for top of house
drawTriangle(x, y + ((math.sin(math.radians(60))*size)/2.0)+(size/2.0), True, color, size)
############################################################
#
# drawHouses(x, y, numHouses, size)
#
# This function draws a group of houses starting at the
# location (x,y). The number of houses drawn depends on
# the parameter numHouses. A scaling factor is used to
# make the houses at the back look smaller than the houses
# in the front.
#
# @param x: starting x position for drawing the houses
# @param y: starting y position for drawing the houses
# @param numHouses: number of houses to draw
# @param size: the size of the house
#
############################################################
def drawHouses(x, y, numHouses, size):
"""
Draw a group of houses starting at (x, y).
The number of houses drawn is specified by numHouses.
A scaling factor is used to determine how small/big
the tree becomes as the y-value is increases/decreases.
"""
for n in range(numHouses):
random_num = random.randint(-50,20)
randomColor = getRandomColor()
drawHouse(x+n*(1.3*size), y+(random_num*((20.0/200.0)*size)), randomColor, size)
############################################################
#
# drawSun(x, y, radius)
#
# This function draws a sun at the location (x,y).
# The size of the sun is specified by the parameter radius.
#
# @param x: x position of the sun
# @param y: y position of the sun
# @param radius: the size of the sun
#
############################################################
def drawSun(x, y, radius):
"""
Draw a sun centered at the point (x,y) of size as
specified by radius.
"""
myPen.setheading(0)
myPen.speed(0)
myPen.penup()
myPen.goto(x,y)
myPen.pendown()
myPen.color("orange")
for x in range(80):
myPen.forward(radius)
myPen.left(170)
############################################################
#
# drawCloud(x, y, size)
#
# This function draws a gray cloud at the location (x,y).
# The size of the cloud is specified by the parameter size.
#
# @param x: x position of the cloud
# @param y: y position of the cloud
# @param size: the size of the cloud
#
############################################################
def drawCloud(x, y, size):
"""
Draw a gray cloud at the point (x,y) in the specified
size.
"""
myPen.speed(0)
myPen.penup()
myPen.setheading(0)
myPen.goto(x,y)
myPen.color("gray")
myPen.begin_fill()
myPen.circle(size)
myPen.goto(x+(size), y)
myPen.circle(size)
myPen.goto(x-(size), y)
myPen.circle(size)
myPen.end_fill()
############################################################
#
# drawRock(x, y, color, size)
#
# This function draws a rock at the location (x,y).
# The color and size of the rock are specified by the
# parameters color and size.
#
# @param x: x position of the rock
# @param y: y position of the rock
# @param color: color of the rock
# @param size: the size of the rock
#
############################################################
def drawRock(x, y, color, size):
"""
Draw a rock at the point (x,y) in the specified color
and size.
"""
myPen.setheading(0)
myPen.penup()
myPen.goto(x-size/2, y-size/2)
myPen.color(color)
myPen.speed(0)
myPen.width(3)
myPen.degrees(360)
myPen.begin_fill()
myPen.pendown()
myPen.left(10)
myPen.forward(size)
myPen.left(15)
myPen.forward(0.75*size)
myPen.left(85)
myPen.forward(size)
myPen.left(15)
myPen.forward(size * 0.333)
myPen.left(10)
myPen.forward(size * 0.5)
myPen.left(45)
myPen.forward(size)
myPen.left(35)
myPen.forward(size/1.3)
myPen.left(50)
myPen.forward(size)
myPen.left(15)
myPen.forward(size/2.0)
myPen.left(70)
myPen.forward(size/1.2)
myPen.end_fill()
############################################################
#
# drawBird(x, y, color, size)
#
# This function draws a v-shaped bird at the location (x,y).
# The color and size of the bird are specified by the
# parameters color and size.
#
# @param x: x position of the bird
# @param y: y position of the bird
# @param color: color of the bird
# @param size: the size of the bird
#
############################################################
def drawBird(x, y, color, size):
"""
Draw a v-shaped bird at (x, y) in the specified color
and size.
"""
myPen.setheading(0)
myPen.speed(0)
myPen.color(color)
myPen.penup()
myPen.goto(x,y)
myPen.pendown()
myPen.left(45)
myPen.forward(size)
myPen.right(90)
myPen.forward(size/2.0)
myPen.penup()
myPen.goto(x,y)
myPen.setheading(0)
myPen.pendown()
myPen.left(135)
myPen.forward(size)
myPen.left(90)
myPen.forward(size/2.0)
myPen.setheading(0)
############################################################
#
# drawSky()
#
# This function draws the sky using the background color
# - light blue (#87ceeb).
#
############################################################
def drawSky():
"""
Create the sky by setting the background color to
light blue.
"""
global screen
screen.bgcolor("#87CEEB")
############################################################
#
# drawGrass()
#
# This function draws the grass at the lower part of the
# screen using the background color using a green color.
#
#
############################################################
def drawGrass():
"""
Draw a block of grass that covers the lower part of the
screen.
"""
drawRectangle(0, canvas_height/4.0, 750, canvas_width, "rgba(0, 128, 0, 0.76)")
############################################################
#
# drawCircle(x, y, color, radius)
#
# This function draws a circle at the location (x,y).
# The color and size of the circle are specified by the
# parameters color and radius.
#
# @param x: x position of the circle
# @param y: y position of the circle
# @param color: color of the circle
# @param radius: the size of the circle
#
############################################################
def drawCircle(x, y, color, radius):
"""
Draw a circle of the specified radius at the point (x,y)
in the specified color and size.
"""
myPen.speed(0)
myPen.penup()
myPen.setheading(0)
myPen.goto(x, y-radius)
myPen.width(3)
myPen.pencolor(color)
myPen.degrees(360)
myPen.pendown()
myPen.circle(radius)
############################################################
#
# drawSquare(x, y, color, size)
# This function draws a square at the location (x,y).
# The color and size of the square are specified by the
# parameters color and size.
#
# @param x: x position of the square
# @param y: y position of the square
# @param color: color of the square
# @param size: the size of the square
#
############################################################
def drawSquare(x, y, color, size):
"""
Draw a square centered at the point (x,y) in the
specified color and size.
"""
global myPen
# Setup
myPen.setheading(0)
myPen.speed(0)
myPen.penup()
myPen.goto(x,y-(size/2.0))
myPen.shape('turtle')
myPen.width(3)
myPen.pencolor(color)
myPen.degrees(360)
# Draw the four sides of the square.
myPen.down()
myPen.forward(size/2.0)
myPen.left(90)
myPen.forward(size)
myPen.left(90)
myPen.forward(size)
myPen.left(90)
myPen.forward(size)
myPen.left(90)
myPen.forward(size/2.0)
myPen.penup()
############################################################
#
# drawTriangle(x, y, fill, color, size)
# This function draws a triangle at the location (x,y).
# The outline color and size of the triangle are specified
# by the parameters color and size. An additional fill
# color can be specified by the parameter fill.
#
# @param x: x position of the triangle
# @param y: y position of the triangle
# @param fill: fill color of the triangle
# @param color: outline color of the triangle
# @param size: the size of the triangle
#
############################################################
def drawTriangle(x, y, fill, color, size):
"""
Draws a triangle centered at the point (x,y) in the
specified color and size. The triangle will also be
filled with the color as specified by fill.
"""
global myPen, screen
# Setup Pen
myPen.setheading(0)
myPen.penup()
myPen.goto(x,y)
myPen.speed(0)
myPen.shape('turtle')
myPen.width(3)
myPen.degrees(360)
if(fill == True):
# Draw the three sides of the Triangle with filling.
myPen.pencolor(color)
myPen.goto(x, y-((math.sin(math.radians(60))*size)/2.0))
myPen.down()
myPen.fillcolor(color)
myPen.fill(True)
myPen.begin_fill()
myPen.forward(size/2.0)
myPen.left(120)
myPen.forward(size)
myPen.left(120)
myPen.forward(size)
myPen.left(120)
myPen.forward(size/2.0)
myPen.end_fill()
myPen.penup()
myPen.setheading(0)
myPen.done()
else:
# Draw the three sides of the triangle without filling.
myPen.pencolor(color)
myPen.down()
myPen.forward(size/2.0)
myPen.left(120)
myPen.forward(size)
myPen.left(120)
myPen.forward(size)
myPen.left(120)
myPen.forward(size/2.0)
myPen.penup()
myPen.setheading(0)
myPen.done()
############################################################
#
# drawRectangle(x, y, length, width, color)
# This function draws a rectangle at the location (x,y).
# The color and size of the rectangle are specified
# by the parameters color, length, and width.
#
# @param x: x position of the rectangle
# @param y: y position of the rectangle
# @param length: the length of the rectangle
# @param width: the width of the rectangle
# @param color: outline color of the rectangle
#
############################################################
def drawRectangle(x, y, length, width, color):
"""
Draw a rectangle centered at the point (x,y) with the
specified color, length, and width.
"""
# Setup Pen
myPen.setheading(0)
myPen.penup()
myPen.goto(x,y-(length/2))
myPen.speed(0)
myPen.shape('turtle')
myPen.width(3)
myPen.pencolor(color)
myPen.degrees(360)
# Draw the four sides of the rectangle.
myPen.forward(width/2)
myPen.fillcolor(color)
myPen.fill(True)
myPen.begin_fill()
myPen.left(90)
myPen.forward(length/2)
myPen.left(90)
myPen.forward(width)
myPen.left(90)
myPen.forward(length)
myPen.left(90)
myPen.forward(width)
myPen.left(90)
myPen.forward(length)
myPen.end_fill()
myPen.penup()
myPen.setheading(0)
myPen.done()
############################################################
#
# getRandomColor()
# This function returns a random RGB value (either red,
# green, or blue)
#
# @return random RGB value (red, green, or blue)
#
############################################################
def getRandomColor():
"""
Return a random tuple of rgb values that can represent
red, green, or blue.
"""
rgb = [255,0,0]
random.shuffle(rgb)
return tuple(rgb)
# call the function to draw the landscape
drawLandscape()